一、概(gai)述(shu)
交流鼠籠式異步電動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)如果直接(jie)起動(dong)(dong)會(hui)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)很大(da)沖擊電流，會(hui)對(dui)電阻(zu)及(ji)其負載造成沖擊，甚至(zhi)危害(hai)電網安全(quan)運行。生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)機(ji)(ji)械對(dui)電動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)的起動(dong)(dong)也有(you)各種(zhong)不同的要(yao)求，有(you)些需要(yao)平穩起動(dong)(dong)的生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)機(ji)(ji)械也不允許(xu)直接(jie)起動(dong)(dong)。
星(xing)-三角轉(zhuan)換起(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)，自藕變壓(ya)(ya)器降(jiang)壓(ya)(ya)起(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)主要問題(ti)是起(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)過(guo)程中起(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)電壓(ya)(ya)和運行(xing)電壓(ya)(ya)轉(zhuan)換時的(de)(de)電流沖擊，對(dui)電網和機械產(chan)生沖擊，產(chan)生損害。應用(yong)晶(jing)閘管交流調壓(ya)(ya)技術的(de)(de)固態軟起(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)器，是目(mu)前降(jiang)壓(ya)(ya)起(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)方(fang)式(shi)中合理、先(xian)進(jin)的(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)方(fang)式(shi)。
二、工作原(yuan)理
軟啟動(dong)調(diao)(diao)速實(shi)際上(shang)是—個晶(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管(guan)交流(liu)(liu)調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器。改變晶(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管(guan)的(de)(de)觸發角，就可調(diao)(diao)節晶(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管(guan)調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)輸出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)。用軟起動(dong)器起動(dong)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)時(shi)：設(she)置(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)個初始電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，晶(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管(guan)調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)輸出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)就從(cong)這一(yi)(yi)點(dian)開(kai)始上(shang)升(sheng)；設(she)置(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)個升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)時(shi)間(jian)，逐(zhu)漸(jian)增加(jia)晶(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管(guan)調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)輸出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，電(dian)(dian)機(ji)逐(zhu)漸(jian)加(jia)速；設(she)置(zhi)(zhi)—個限(xian)流(liu)(liu)倍數，根(gen)據電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)互感器測得的(de)(de)實(shi)際電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)值，控制(zhi)晶(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管(guan)調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)輸出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，使電(dian)(dian)機(ji)的(de)(de)實(shi)際電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)不超過限(xian)流(liu)(liu)值。這樣在整個起動(dong)過程中，軟啟動(dong)柜的(de)(de)輸出(chu)(chu)是一(yi)(yi)個平滑的(de)(de)升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)過程（且具有限(xian)流(liu)(liu)功能(neng)），直到晶(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管(guan)全導通，電(dian)(dian)機(ji)在額定電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)下工(gong)作。

典(dian)型應用簡介
水(shui)泵(beng)：利(li)用(yong)泵(beng)控制功能，在(zai)起動和停止時，減少液(ye)流沖(chong)擊所產(chan)生的泵(beng)流水(shui)錘現象，節省(sheng)了系統維修費用(yong)； 
球磨機：利用電壓斜坡起(qi)動(dong)，減少齒輪轉矩的磨損，減少維修(xiu)工作量延長使用壽命； 
風機：利用固態軟起(qi)動器取(qu)代了傳統(tong)起(qi)動器，減少皮帶磨損和機械沖擊； 
壓縮機：利用(yong)限流，實(shi)現了平滑起動，降(jiang)低電機溫(wen)升； 
破碎機：利用堵(du)轉保護和(he)快速保護，避免(mian)機械故障和(he)阻(zu)塞造成電動(dong)機過(guo)熱而燒毀(hui)； 
輸送機械：利用(yong)軟起(qi)動和(he)軟停(ting)機控制，實現平滑(hua)漸(jian)進(jin)的起(qi)動過程和(he)平滑(hua)減速(su)的停(ting)車過程，避免了因沖擊而對物料和(he)設備造(zao)成(cheng)的損傷.