一、概述(shu)
交流鼠籠式異步(bu)電動(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)如果直接(jie)起動(dong)會(hui)產生(sheng)很大沖擊電流，會(hui)對(dui)電阻及其負載造(zao)成(cheng)沖擊，甚至危害電網安全運行。生(sheng)產機(ji)(ji)(ji)械對(dui)電動(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)起動(dong)也(ye)有(you)各種不同的(de)要求，有(you)些(xie)需(xu)要平穩起動(dong)的(de)生(sheng)產機(ji)(ji)(ji)械也(ye)不允許直接(jie)起動(dong)。
星-三角轉換起動(dong)，自藕變(bian)壓器降壓起動(dong)的主(zhu)要(yao)問題是(shi)起動(dong)過程中起動(dong)電(dian)壓和(he)運行(xing)電(dian)壓轉換時的電(dian)流沖(chong)擊(ji)，對(dui)電(dian)網和(he)機(ji)械產(chan)生沖(chong)擊(ji)，產(chan)生損害。應用晶(jing)閘管交流調壓技術的固(gu)態(tai)軟起動(dong)器，是(shi)目前降壓起動(dong)方式(shi)中合理(li)、先進的起動(dong)方式(shi)。
二、工作(zuo)原理
軟啟(qi)動調(diao)(diao)速實(shi)際(ji)上是(shi)—個晶閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)交流(liu)(liu)調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)。改變(bian)晶閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)的觸(chu)發角，就可調(diao)(diao)節晶閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。用軟(ruan)起動(dong)器(qi)起動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機時：設置一(yi)個初始電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，晶閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)就從這(zhe)一(yi)點開始上升(sheng)；設置一(yi)個升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)時間，逐漸增加晶閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)機逐漸加速；設置—個限流(liu)(liu)倍數，根(gen)據電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)互感(gan)器(qi)測得(de)的實(shi)際(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)值(zhi)，控制晶閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)機的實(shi)際(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)不超(chao)過限流(liu)(liu)值(zhi)。這(zhe)樣在整(zheng)個起動(dong)過程(cheng)中(zhong)，軟(ruan)啟動(dong)柜的輸(shu)出(chu)是(shi)一(yi)個平滑的升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)過程(cheng)（且具有限流(liu)(liu)功能），直(zhi)到晶閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)全導通，電(dian)(dian)(dian)機在額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)下工作。

典型應用簡介
水泵：利用泵控制功能，在起動和停止時，減少(shao)液流沖(chong)擊所產生的泵流水錘現(xian)象，節省了系統維修費用； 
球磨機：利用電壓斜坡起動，減少齒輪轉矩的磨損(sun)，減少維(wei)修工作量延(yan)長使用壽命； 
風機：利用固態軟(ruan)起(qi)動器取代了(le)傳統起(qi)動器，減少皮(pi)帶磨(mo)損和機械沖擊； 
壓縮(suo)機：利用(yong)限流，實現(xian)了(le)平滑起動，降低電機溫升； 
破碎機(ji)：利用堵轉(zhuan)保(bao)護和快速(su)保(bao)護，避免機(ji)械故(gu)障(zhang)和阻塞(sai)造成電動機(ji)過熱(re)而燒(shao)毀； 
輸送(song)機(ji)械：利用軟起(qi)動和軟停機(ji)控制(zhi)，實現平滑漸進的(de)(de)起(qi)動過程和平滑減速的(de)(de)停車過程，避免(mian)了因沖擊而對物料和設備造成的(de)(de)損(sun)傷.