一、概(gai)述
交流鼠籠式異步電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)如果直接(jie)起動(dong)(dong)會(hui)產(chan)生很大沖(chong)(chong)擊(ji)電(dian)流，會(hui)對電(dian)阻及其負載造(zao)成沖(chong)(chong)擊(ji)，甚至危害(hai)電(dian)網安全運(yun)行(xing)。生產(chan)機(ji)械對電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)起動(dong)(dong)也(ye)有各種不同的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求，有些(xie)需要(yao)平穩起動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)生產(chan)機(ji)械也(ye)不允許直接(jie)起動(dong)(dong)。
星-三角轉換起動(dong)，自藕變壓器降(jiang)(jiang)壓起動(dong)的(de)主要問題是起動(dong)過程中(zhong)起動(dong)電壓和運行電壓轉換時的(de)電流沖擊(ji)，對電網和機械產生(sheng)沖擊(ji)，產生(sheng)損害(hai)。應用晶閘(zha)管交(jiao)流調壓技術的(de)固態軟(ruan)起動(dong)器，是目前降(jiang)(jiang)壓起動(dong)方(fang)式(shi)中(zhong)合理、先進的(de)起動(dong)方(fang)式(shi)。
二、工(gong)作(zuo)原理
軟啟動調(diao)(diao)速實(shi)際上(shang)是—個(ge)(ge)晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器。改變晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管的(de)觸發角，就可調(diao)(diao)節(jie)晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。用軟(ruan)(ruan)起(qi)動器起(qi)動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)時：設(she)(she)置一(yi)個(ge)(ge)初始電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)就從這一(yi)點開(kai)始上(shang)升；設(she)(she)置一(yi)個(ge)(ge)升壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)時間，逐漸(jian)(jian)增加晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)逐漸(jian)(jian)加速；設(she)(she)置—個(ge)(ge)限(xian)流(liu)(liu)倍數，根據(ju)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)互感器測得(de)的(de)實(shi)際電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)值(zhi)，控制晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)的(de)實(shi)際電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)不(bu)超過(guo)限(xian)流(liu)(liu)值(zhi)。這樣(yang)在整個(ge)(ge)起(qi)動過(guo)程中，軟(ruan)(ruan)啟動柜的(de)輸出是一(yi)個(ge)(ge)平(ping)滑的(de)升壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)過(guo)程（且具(ju)有限(xian)流(liu)(liu)功(gong)能），直到(dao)晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管全導通(tong)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)在額(e)定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)下工作(zuo)。

典型應用簡介
水(shui)泵：利用泵控制功能，在(zai)起動和停止時(shi)，減少液流(liu)沖擊所產生的泵流(liu)水(shui)錘現象，節(jie)省了系統維(wei)修費用； 
球磨(mo)機：利(li)用電壓斜坡起動，減少(shao)(shao)齒輪轉矩的磨(mo)損，減少(shao)(shao)維修工作量延長使用壽(shou)命； 
風(feng)機(ji)：利用(yong)固(gu)態軟(ruan)起(qi)動(dong)(dong)器取代了傳統起(qi)動(dong)(dong)器，減少皮帶磨損和機(ji)械(xie)沖(chong)擊(ji)； 
壓縮機(ji)：利(li)用限(xian)流，實(shi)現了平滑(hua)起動，降(jiang)低電(dian)機(ji)溫升； 
破碎機：利用堵轉保護(hu)和快(kuai)速(su)保護(hu)，避免機械故障和阻塞造成(cheng)電動機過(guo)熱而燒毀(hui)； 
輸送機(ji)(ji)械：利用軟(ruan)起(qi)動(dong)和軟(ruan)停機(ji)(ji)控(kong)制，實現平滑漸進的起(qi)動(dong)過程(cheng)和平滑減速的停車過程(cheng)，避免了因(yin)沖擊而對物料和設備(bei)造成的損傷.