一、概述(shu)
交流鼠籠式異步電動(dong)(dong)(dong)機如果(guo)直(zhi)接(jie)起(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)會(hui)產生(sheng)(sheng)很大(da)沖擊(ji)電流，會(hui)對電阻(zu)及其負載造(zao)成沖擊(ji)，甚至危害電網安(an)全運行(xing)。生(sheng)(sheng)產機械對電動(dong)(dong)(dong)機的起(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)也(ye)有(you)各(ge)種不同的要求，有(you)些需要平(ping)穩起(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)的生(sheng)(sheng)產機械也(ye)不允許(xu)直(zhi)接(jie)起(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)。
星-三角轉換起(qi)動，自藕變壓器降(jiang)壓起(qi)動的主要問題是起(qi)動過程中(zhong)(zhong)起(qi)動電(dian)(dian)壓和運行電(dian)(dian)壓轉換時的電(dian)(dian)流(liu)沖(chong)擊(ji)，對(dui)電(dian)(dian)網和機械產生沖(chong)擊(ji)，產生損害。應(ying)用晶(jing)閘管(guan)交(jiao)流(liu)調壓技術的固態軟起(qi)動器，是目前降(jiang)壓起(qi)動方(fang)式中(zhong)(zhong)合(he)理、先進的起(qi)動方(fang)式。
二(er)、工作原理
軟啟動調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)速實際(ji)上是—個晶(jing)閘(zha)管交流(liu)(liu)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)。改(gai)變晶(jing)閘(zha)管的(de)(de)(de)觸(chu)發角(jiao)，就(jiu)可調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)節(jie)晶(jing)閘(zha)管調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。用(yong)軟起動(dong)器(qi)(qi)起動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)時(shi)：設(she)置一(yi)個初(chu)始電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，晶(jing)閘(zha)管調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)就(jiu)從這一(yi)點開始上升；設(she)置一(yi)個升壓(ya)(ya)時(shi)間，逐漸增加晶(jing)閘(zha)管調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)逐漸加速；設(she)置—個限(xian)(xian)流(liu)(liu)倍數，根據電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)互感器(qi)(qi)測得的(de)(de)(de)實際(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)值，控制晶(jing)閘(zha)管調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)實際(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)不超過(guo)(guo)限(xian)(xian)流(liu)(liu)值。這樣在(zai)整個起動(dong)過(guo)(guo)程中，軟啟動(dong)柜的(de)(de)(de)輸出是一(yi)個平滑的(de)(de)(de)升壓(ya)(ya)過(guo)(guo)程（且具(ju)有限(xian)(xian)流(liu)(liu)功能），直到晶(jing)閘(zha)管全(quan)導通，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)在(zai)額(e)定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)下工作(zuo)。

典型(xing)應用簡介
水(shui)泵(beng)：利用(yong)泵(beng)控制功能，在起動和停(ting)止時，減少液(ye)流沖擊所產生的泵(beng)流水(shui)錘現象，節(jie)省了系統維修費用(yong)； 
球(qiu)磨(mo)機：利用電壓(ya)斜坡起動，減少(shao)齒輪轉矩的磨(mo)損，減少(shao)維(wei)修工作量延長使用壽(shou)命； 
風(feng)機：利(li)用固態軟起動器取代了傳(chuan)統起動器，減少(shao)皮帶(dai)磨損和機械沖擊； 
壓縮(suo)機(ji)：利(li)用限流，實(shi)現了(le)平滑起(qi)動，降低電(dian)機(ji)溫升； 
破(po)碎機：利(li)用堵轉保護(hu)和快速(su)保護(hu)，避免(mian)機械故障和阻塞造成電動機過(guo)熱而燒毀； 
輸送(song)機械：利(li)用軟起動和軟停機控制(zhi)，實現平滑漸進的起動過程和平滑減速的停車過程，避免了因沖擊而(er)對物(wu)料(liao)和設備造成的損傷.