一、概述
交流鼠籠式異(yi)步電動(dong)機(ji)如(ru)果直接起(qi)動(dong)會產(chan)生(sheng)很大沖擊電流，會對電阻及(ji)其負載造成沖擊，甚至危害電網(wang)安全(quan)運(yun)行。生(sheng)產(chan)機(ji)械對電動(dong)機(ji)的起(qi)動(dong)也有各種不同(tong)的要求，有些需(xu)要平穩起(qi)動(dong)的生(sheng)產(chan)機(ji)械也不允許直接起(qi)動(dong)。
星-三角轉換起(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)，自藕變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)降壓(ya)起(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)的(de)(de)主要(yao)問題是起(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)過程中起(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)電壓(ya)和運行(xing)電壓(ya)轉換時(shi)的(de)(de)電流(liu)(liu)沖擊，對電網和機械產生沖擊，產生損害。應用晶閘管交流(liu)(liu)調壓(ya)技(ji)術的(de)(de)固(gu)態軟(ruan)起(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)器(qi)，是目(mu)前降壓(ya)起(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)方式中合理、先進的(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)方式。
二、工作原理
軟啟動調(diao)(diao)速實際上(shang)是—個(ge)晶(jing)(jing)閘(zha)管交流(liu)調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)。改變晶(jing)(jing)閘(zha)管的(de)觸發角，就可調(diao)(diao)節晶(jing)(jing)閘(zha)管調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)。用(yong)軟(ruan)起動(dong)器(qi)起動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機時(shi)：設置一個(ge)初(chu)始電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，晶(jing)(jing)閘(zha)管調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)就從這一點開(kai)始上(shang)升(sheng)；設置一個(ge)升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)時(shi)間，逐漸增加晶(jing)(jing)閘(zha)管調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機逐漸加速；設置—個(ge)限流(liu)倍數，根(gen)據電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)互感器(qi)測得的(de)實際電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)值(zhi)，控制晶(jing)(jing)閘(zha)管調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機的(de)實際電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)不超過(guo)限流(liu)值(zhi)。這樣在(zai)(zai)整個(ge)起動(dong)過(guo)程中，軟(ruan)啟動(dong)柜(ju)的(de)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)是一個(ge)平滑的(de)升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)過(guo)程（且具有限流(liu)功(gong)能），直到晶(jing)(jing)閘(zha)管全導通，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機在(zai)(zai)額(e)定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)下工作。

典型(xing)應用(yong)簡介
水泵：利用泵控制(zhi)功能，在起動和停止(zhi)時，減少液流(liu)沖擊所產生(sheng)的泵流(liu)水錘(chui)現象，節省(sheng)了系統維修費用； 
球磨(mo)機：利用電(dian)壓斜坡起動，減(jian)少(shao)(shao)齒輪(lun)轉矩的磨(mo)損，減(jian)少(shao)(shao)維修工作量(liang)延長(chang)使用壽(shou)命； 
風(feng)機：利用(yong)固(gu)態軟(ruan)起動器取代了傳統起動器，減少皮帶磨損(sun)和機械(xie)沖擊； 
壓縮機(ji)：利用(yong)限流(liu)，實現了平滑起動(dong)，降(jiang)低電機(ji)溫升； 
破碎機(ji)(ji)：利用堵(du)轉保護和快(kuai)速保護，避(bi)免機(ji)(ji)械故障和阻塞造成(cheng)電動(dong)機(ji)(ji)過熱(re)而燒毀； 
輸送(song)機(ji)械：利用軟起(qi)動和(he)軟停機(ji)控制，實現平滑漸進的起(qi)動過程和(he)平滑減速的停車過程，避免(mian)了因沖擊而(er)對物料和(he)設備造成的損傷.