一、概(gai)述
交流鼠籠式(shi)異步(bu)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)如果直接(jie)起(qi)動(dong)(dong)會產生(sheng)很大沖擊電(dian)(dian)流，會對(dui)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)及其負載造成沖擊，甚至危(wei)害電(dian)(dian)網(wang)安全運(yun)行。生(sheng)產機(ji)械(xie)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)的起(qi)動(dong)(dong)也(ye)有各(ge)種(zhong)不同(tong)的要(yao)求，有些需(xu)要(yao)平穩起(qi)動(dong)(dong)的生(sheng)產機(ji)械(xie)也(ye)不允許直接(jie)起(qi)動(dong)(dong)。
星(xing)-三角轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換起(qi)動(dong)，自(zi)藕變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器降壓(ya)(ya)起(qi)動(dong)的(de)(de)主要(yao)問題(ti)是(shi)起(qi)動(dong)過程(cheng)中起(qi)動(dong)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)和(he)運(yun)行電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換時的(de)(de)電(dian)流(liu)沖擊，對電(dian)網和(he)機(ji)械(xie)產(chan)生沖擊，產(chan)生損害(hai)。應用晶閘管(guan)交流(liu)調壓(ya)(ya)技術(shu)的(de)(de)固態軟(ruan)起(qi)動(dong)器，是(shi)目(mu)前降壓(ya)(ya)起(qi)動(dong)方式中合(he)理(li)、先(xian)進的(de)(de)起(qi)動(dong)方式。
二(er)、工作原理(li)
軟啟動(dong)調(diao)速實(shi)際上是(shi)—個晶(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器。改變晶(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管的(de)(de)(de)(de)觸發角，就(jiu)可調(diao)節晶(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)輸出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。用軟起動(dong)器起動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)時(shi)：設(she)置(zhi)一個初始電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，晶(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)輸出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)就(jiu)從這一點開始上升(sheng)；設(she)置(zhi)一個升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)時(shi)間，逐漸增(zeng)加(jia)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)輸出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)逐漸加(jia)速；設(she)置(zhi)—個限流(liu)(liu)倍數，根據電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)互(hu)感器測得的(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)際電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)值(zhi)，控制晶(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)輸出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)際電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)不超過限流(liu)(liu)值(zhi)。這樣在整個起動(dong)過程(cheng)中，軟啟動(dong)柜的(de)(de)(de)(de)輸出(chu)(chu)是(shi)一個平滑的(de)(de)(de)(de)升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)過程(cheng)（且(qie)具(ju)有(you)限流(liu)(liu)功(gong)能），直到晶(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管全導通，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)在額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)下工作。

典(dian)型應(ying)用簡介
水(shui)泵：利用(yong)泵控制功(gong)能，在(zai)起(qi)動和停止時，減少液流沖擊所(suo)產生的泵流水(shui)錘現象，節(jie)省了(le)系統維(wei)修費用(yong)； 
球磨機：利用電壓斜坡(po)起(qi)動，減(jian)少齒(chi)輪(lun)轉矩的磨損，減(jian)少維修(xiu)工作量延(yan)長使用壽命； 
風機(ji)：利(li)用固態軟起動器(qi)取代了傳統起動器(qi)，減少皮帶磨損和機(ji)械沖擊； ;
壓(ya)縮機：利用限流，實現了平(ping)滑起動，降低電機溫升； 
破碎機：利用(yong)堵(du)轉保(bao)護和(he)快速(su)保(bao)護，避免機械(xie)故障(zhang)和(he)阻塞造成(cheng)電動機過熱而燒毀； 
輸送(song)機(ji)械：利用軟起(qi)動和(he)軟停(ting)機(ji)控制，實現平滑(hua)漸進的起(qi)動過程和(he)平滑(hua)減速(su)的停(ting)車過程，避免了(le)因沖擊而對物(wu)料和(he)設備造成的損傷.