一、概述(shu)
交流鼠籠式異(yi)步(bu)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機如果(guo)直(zhi)接起(qi)動(dong)(dong)會產(chan)生很大(da)沖擊電(dian)(dian)流，會對(dui)電(dian)(dian)阻及其負載(zai)造成(cheng)沖擊，甚至危(wei)害電(dian)(dian)網安(an)全運行。生產(chan)機械對(dui)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機的(de)起(qi)動(dong)(dong)也有各種不同的(de)要(yao)求，有些需要(yao)平穩起(qi)動(dong)(dong)的(de)生產(chan)機械也不允(yun)許(xu)直(zhi)接起(qi)動(dong)(dong)。
星(xing)-三角(jiao)轉(zhuan)換(huan)起(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)，自藕變壓(ya)器降(jiang)壓(ya)起(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)的(de)主(zhu)要問題是起(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)過(guo)程中起(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)電(dian)壓(ya)和(he)運行(xing)電(dian)壓(ya)轉(zhuan)換(huan)時的(de)電(dian)流(liu)沖擊(ji)，對電(dian)網和(he)機械(xie)產生(sheng)沖擊(ji)，產生(sheng)損害。應(ying)用晶閘管交流(liu)調壓(ya)技術的(de)固(gu)態軟(ruan)起(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)器，是目前(qian)降(jiang)壓(ya)起(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)方(fang)式中合理、先進的(de)起(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)方(fang)式。
二、工作原理
軟啟動調(diao)速實際上(shang)是—個(ge)晶閘(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)交流(liu)(liu)調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)。改變晶閘(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)觸(chu)發角，就(jiu)可調(diao)節晶閘(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)。用軟(ruan)起(qi)(qi)動(dong)器(qi)(qi)起(qi)(qi)動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)時(shi)：設置(zhi)一(yi)個(ge)初始電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，晶閘(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)就(jiu)從這(zhe)一(yi)點開始上(shang)升；設置(zhi)一(yi)個(ge)升壓(ya)(ya)(ya)時(shi)間，逐漸增加晶閘(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)逐漸加速；設置(zhi)—個(ge)限(xian)流(liu)(liu)倍(bei)數，根據電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)互(hu)感器(qi)(qi)測得的(de)(de)(de)實際電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)值，控制晶閘(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)實際電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)不超過(guo)限(xian)流(liu)(liu)值。這(zhe)樣在(zai)整個(ge)起(qi)(qi)動(dong)過(guo)程中(zhong)，軟(ruan)啟動(dong)柜的(de)(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)是一(yi)個(ge)平滑的(de)(de)(de)升壓(ya)(ya)(ya)過(guo)程（且具有限(xian)流(liu)(liu)功能(neng)），直到晶閘(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)全(quan)導通，電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)在(zai)額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)下工作(zuo)。

典型應用簡介
水泵(beng)：利用泵(beng)控制功(gong)能，在起(qi)動(dong)和(he)停止時，減少液流(liu)沖擊所產生的泵(beng)流(liu)水錘現象，節(jie)省了系統(tong)維修費用； 
球磨機：利用(yong)電壓斜坡(po)起動，減少齒輪轉矩的磨損，減少維修工作量延長(chang)使用(yong)壽命； 
風機(ji)：利用固態軟起動器取(qu)代了傳統起動器，減少皮帶磨(mo)損和機(ji)械沖擊； 
壓縮機：利用限流，實現了平(ping)滑起動，降低電機溫升(sheng)； 
破碎機：利用(yong)堵轉(zhuan)保(bao)護和(he)快速保(bao)護，避(bi)免機械(xie)故障和(he)阻(zu)塞造成電動機過熱而(er)燒毀； 
輸送機械：利用軟(ruan)起動和軟(ruan)停機控(kong)制，實現平滑漸進的(de)起動過程和平滑減速(su)的(de)停車過程，避免了因沖擊而對物料和設備造成的(de)損傷.