一(yi)、概述
交(jiao)流鼠籠式異步電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)如果直接(jie)起(qi)動(dong)會產(chan)生(sheng)很大沖擊(ji)電(dian)流，會對(dui)電(dian)阻及其負(fu)載(zai)造成(cheng)沖擊(ji)，甚至危害(hai)電(dian)網安全運行。生(sheng)產(chan)機(ji)(ji)械對(dui)電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)的起(qi)動(dong)也(ye)有(you)各種不同的要(yao)求，有(you)些(xie)需要(yao)平穩起(qi)動(dong)的生(sheng)產(chan)機(ji)(ji)械也(ye)不允許直接(jie)起(qi)動(dong)。
星-三角(jiao)轉換起(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)，自(zi)藕變壓(ya)(ya)器降壓(ya)(ya)起(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)的主要(yao)問題(ti)是(shi)起(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)過程中(zhong)起(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)電壓(ya)(ya)和(he)運行電壓(ya)(ya)轉換時(shi)的電流沖擊，對電網和(he)機(ji)械產生沖擊，產生損(sun)害(hai)。應用晶閘管交流調壓(ya)(ya)技術的固態軟起(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)器，是(shi)目前(qian)降壓(ya)(ya)起(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)方式(shi)(shi)中(zhong)合理、先(xian)進(jin)的起(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)方式(shi)(shi)。
二、工作(zuo)原(yuan)理
軟(ruan)啟(qi)動(dong)調(diao)(diao)速實(shi)際上是(shi)—個(ge)(ge)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)。改變晶(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)觸發(fa)角，就(jiu)可(ke)調(diao)(diao)節(jie)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)。用(yong)軟(ruan)起動器(qi)起動電(dian)(dian)機時：設置(zhi)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)初始電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，晶(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)就(jiu)從這一(yi)點開始上升；設置(zhi)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)升壓(ya)(ya)(ya)時間，逐(zhu)漸增加(jia)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，電(dian)(dian)機逐(zhu)漸加(jia)速；設置(zhi)—個(ge)(ge)限(xian)流(liu)(liu)倍數，根據電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)互感器(qi)測得的(de)(de)實(shi)際電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)值，控制晶(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，使電(dian)(dian)機的(de)(de)實(shi)際電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)不超(chao)過(guo)限(xian)流(liu)(liu)值。這樣在整個(ge)(ge)起動過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)，軟(ruan)啟動柜的(de)(de)輸(shu)出(chu)是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)平(ping)滑的(de)(de)升壓(ya)(ya)(ya)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)（且具有限(xian)流(liu)(liu)功(gong)能），直到(dao)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)全(quan)導通，電(dian)(dian)機在額定電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)下工(gong)作。

典型應用簡介(jie)
水泵(beng)(beng)：利用泵(beng)(beng)控制功能，在起動和(he)停止(zhi)時(shi)，減(jian)少(shao)液流沖(chong)擊所產生的(de)泵(beng)(beng)流水錘現象，節(jie)省了系統維修費用； 
球磨機：利(li)用電壓(ya)斜坡(po)起動(dong)，減(jian)少齒輪轉(zhuan)矩的(de)磨損，減(jian)少維修工作量延長使用壽命； 
風機：利用固(gu)態軟(ruan)起動器取(qu)代了傳統(tong)起動器，減少皮帶磨損(sun)和機械沖擊； 
壓縮機：利用(yong)限流，實現了平滑起(qi)動，降低電機溫(wen)升(sheng)； 
破碎機：利(li)用堵轉保護和(he)快速保護，避免機械故障和(he)阻塞造成(cheng)電動(dong)機過(guo)熱而燒毀； 
輸送機(ji)械：利用軟起(qi)動和軟停(ting)機(ji)控制，實現平滑漸進的起(qi)動過程(cheng)和平滑減速的停(ting)車(che)過程(cheng)，避(bi)免了(le)因(yin)沖擊而對物料和設備造成(cheng)的損傷.