一(yi)、概述
交(jiao)流鼠(shu)籠式異步(bu)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)如果直(zhi)接(jie)起動(dong)(dong)會產(chan)生(sheng)很大沖擊(ji)電(dian)流，會對電(dian)阻及其負載造成沖擊(ji)，甚至危(wei)害(hai)電(dian)網安全(quan)運行。生(sheng)產(chan)機(ji)械對電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)的(de)起動(dong)(dong)也(ye)有(you)各種不(bu)同的(de)要(yao)求，有(you)些需要(yao)平穩(wen)起動(dong)(dong)的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)機(ji)械也(ye)不(bu)允(yun)許直(zhi)接(jie)起動(dong)(dong)。
星(xing)-三角轉換起動(dong)(dong)，自藕變壓(ya)器降壓(ya)起動(dong)(dong)的主要問題是(shi)起動(dong)(dong)過程中(zhong)起動(dong)(dong)電壓(ya)和運行電壓(ya)轉換時的電流(liu)沖擊(ji)，對電網(wang)和機械產(chan)生沖擊(ji)，產(chan)生損(sun)害。應(ying)用晶閘管交(jiao)流(liu)調壓(ya)技術的固態(tai)軟起動(dong)(dong)器，是(shi)目前降壓(ya)起動(dong)(dong)方式(shi)中(zhong)合理、先進的起動(dong)(dong)方式(shi)。
二、工作原理
軟(ruan)啟動調速實(shi)際上(shang)是—個(ge)晶(jing)閘(zha)管(guan)交流調壓(ya)(ya)器。改變晶(jing)閘(zha)管(guan)的(de)(de)觸(chu)發角(jiao)，就可(ke)調節(jie)晶(jing)閘(zha)管(guan)調壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。用軟起動器起動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)時：設置一(yi)個(ge)初始(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，晶(jing)閘(zha)管(guan)調壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)就從這一(yi)點開始(shi)上(shang)升(sheng)(sheng)；設置一(yi)個(ge)升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)時間，逐(zhu)漸增(zeng)加(jia)晶(jing)閘(zha)管(guan)調壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)逐(zhu)漸加(jia)速；設置—個(ge)限流倍數，根據電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流互感器測得的(de)(de)實(shi)際電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流值(zhi)，控制(zhi)晶(jing)閘(zha)管(guan)調壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)實(shi)際電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流不超過(guo)(guo)限流值(zhi)。這樣在整個(ge)起動過(guo)(guo)程中，軟啟動柜的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)是一(yi)個(ge)平滑的(de)(de)升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)過(guo)(guo)程（且(qie)具有(you)限流功能），直(zhi)到晶(jing)閘(zha)管(guan)全導(dao)通，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)在額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)下工(gong)作。

典型應用(yong)簡介(jie)
水泵：利用(yong)泵控制功能，在起(qi)動和停(ting)止時，減少液流沖擊所產(chan)生的泵流水錘現象，節省了系(xi)統維(wei)修(xiu)費用(yong)； 
球(qiu)磨機：利用(yong)(yong)電(dian)壓斜(xie)坡(po)起動，減(jian)少齒輪轉矩的磨損(sun)，減(jian)少維(wei)修工作量延(yan)長使用(yong)(yong)壽命； 
風機：利(li)用固態軟起動器(qi)取(qu)代了傳統(tong)起動器(qi)，減(jian)少(shao)皮帶磨(mo)損和機械沖(chong)擊(ji)； 
壓縮(suo)機：利用限(xian)流，實(shi)現了平(ping)滑起動(dong)，降低電機溫升； 
破碎機：利用堵(du)轉保護和快速保護，避免機械故障和阻塞造(zao)成電動機過(guo)熱而(er)燒(shao)毀； 
輸送機械(xie)：利用軟起動(dong)和軟停機控(kong)制，實現平(ping)滑漸進的(de)起動(dong)過程和平(ping)滑減速的(de)停車(che)過程，避免(mian)了因沖(chong)擊而對物料和設備造成(cheng)的(de)損傷.