一、概述
交流鼠籠式異步(bu)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機如果(guo)直(zhi)接起動(dong)(dong)會(hui)產生(sheng)很(hen)大沖(chong)擊電(dian)流，會(hui)對電(dian)阻及其負載造成沖(chong)擊，甚至危害電(dian)網安全運行。生(sheng)產機械對電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機的起動(dong)(dong)也(ye)有(you)各種(zhong)不同的要(yao)求，有(you)些(xie)需要(yao)平穩起動(dong)(dong)的生(sheng)產機械也(ye)不允許(xu)直(zhi)接起動(dong)(dong)。
星-三角轉換起動(dong)(dong)，自藕變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器降(jiang)壓(ya)(ya)起動(dong)(dong)的主(zhu)要問題是(shi)起動(dong)(dong)過程中起動(dong)(dong)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)和(he)運行電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)轉換時的電(dian)流沖(chong)擊，對電(dian)網和(he)機械產生沖(chong)擊，產生損害。應用(yong)晶閘管交流調壓(ya)(ya)技術的固態軟起動(dong)(dong)器，是(shi)目前降(jiang)壓(ya)(ya)起動(dong)(dong)方(fang)式(shi)中合理(li)、先(xian)進的起動(dong)(dong)方(fang)式(shi)。
二、工作(zuo)原理
軟啟動調(diao)速實(shi)際(ji)上是(shi)(shi)—個(ge)晶(jing)閘(zha)管(guan)交流調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)器。改變晶(jing)閘(zha)管(guan)的(de)觸(chu)發角，就可調(diao)節晶(jing)閘(zha)管(guan)調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)的(de)輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。用軟起動(dong)器起動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機時：設置(zhi)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)初始(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，晶(jing)閘(zha)管(guan)調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)的(de)輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)就從(cong)這一(yi)(yi)點開始(shi)上升；設置(zhi)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)升壓(ya)(ya)時間(jian)，逐漸增加晶(jing)閘(zha)管(guan)調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)的(de)輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機逐漸加速；設置(zhi)—個(ge)限流倍數，根據電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流互感(gan)器測得的(de)實(shi)際(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流值，控制晶(jing)閘(zha)管(guan)調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)的(de)輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機的(de)實(shi)際(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流不超過(guo)(guo)限流值。這樣在(zai)整個(ge)起動(dong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中，軟啟動(dong)柜的(de)輸出(chu)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)平滑的(de)升壓(ya)(ya)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)（且(qie)具有限流功能），直到(dao)晶(jing)閘(zha)管(guan)全導通，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機在(zai)額(e)定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)下(xia)工作(zuo)。

典型應用簡(jian)介
水泵：利用(yong)泵控制功(gong)能，在起動和停止時(shi)，減少液流(liu)沖擊所產生的(de)泵流(liu)水錘現象，節省了(le)系統維修費用(yong)； 
球磨機：利(li)用(yong)電壓斜坡起動，減(jian)少齒輪(lun)轉(zhuan)矩的磨損，減(jian)少維(wei)修工作(zuo)量延(yan)長使用(yong)壽命； 
風機：利用固態(tai)軟起動器取代了(le)傳(chuan)統起動器，減少皮帶磨損(sun)和機械沖擊； 
壓縮機：利用(yong)限(xian)流，實現了平(ping)滑(hua)起動，降低電機溫升； 
破碎(sui)機：利(li)用堵轉(zhuan)保護和快速保護，避免(mian)機械故障(zhang)和阻(zu)塞造成電動機過熱(re)而燒(shao)毀； 
輸送機械(xie)：利用軟(ruan)起(qi)動和軟(ruan)停(ting)機控制，實現平滑漸(jian)進的(de)起(qi)動過程(cheng)和平滑減速的(de)停(ting)車過程(cheng)，避免了因沖擊而對(dui)物料和設備造成的(de)損傷.